夏大豆产量性状的遗传力和配合力分析

用６个夏大豆品种进行双列杂交试验，估算了主要产量性状的遗传力、配合力效应。结果表明：大豆有效分枝数，每荚粒数，百粒重的狭义遗传力较高，可以进行早代选择；单株数、单株产量的狭义遗传力较低，在中高世代进行选择效果较好。大豆产量性状的加性遗传效应都是主要的，并以单株产量表现较大的特殊配合力效应。新品系８５２１２．８４２４０Ｂ１、７７２４９都是高产育种较理想的亲本材料，尤以品系７７２４９育种的效果最佳。

An Analysis of Genetic Ability and Combining Ability for Yield Characters in Summer Soybean

Six parents were designed of a diallel crosses system to test genetic ability and combining ability.The results showed that:(1)If some charcters are with superior genetic ablility, such as valid branches,number of seeds per pod and 100-seeds weight,it is better to select it in early generations.If some characters are with lower gnetic-ability,such as number of pods per plant and single plant yield,it is better not tO select it in eatly generations.(2)Six yield characters had superior additive effect and single plant yield had supeior special combining ability.(3)85212,84240B1,77249 were superior parents for high yield among which 77249 was the best.