吉林省松花江流域景观格局脆弱性变化及其驱动力

本文以吉林省松花江流域为研究区,以1995年、2005年和2015年3期Landsat TM/ETM影像为数据源,对吉林省松花江流域景观格局、生态脆弱度的时空分布和变化特征及驱动力进行研究,结论如下:①流域不同时期气候变化存在差异,景观优势类型以耕地和林地为主,城乡用地和草地稳定增长,林地、耕地、水域呈减少趋势。②流域脆弱度以较低脆弱区和中度脆弱区为主,低脆弱区和中度脆弱区主要分布在流域中游和下游较发达地区,高脆弱区主要分布在流域东南地区和下游西北荒漠化及林草地破坏区域。③流域脆弱度总体相对稳定,呈略微上升和两极分化的趋势;脆弱度与人为活动密切相关,与地形有一定相关性,受气候变化影响并不显著,但仍能反映部分问题。

Change of Landscape Pattern Vulnerability in the Songhua River Basin in Jilin Province and Its Driving Forces

The Songhua River Basin in Jilin Province was taken as the study area,and the three Landsat TM/ETM images in 1995,2005 and 2015 were used as the data sources. The landscape pattern,spatiotemporal distribution of ecological vulnerability and its driving forces were studied. The main conclusions were as follows:① Climate change in the drainage basin was different from different periods. The dominant landscapes were cultivated land and woodland,the areas of urban and rural land and grassland were steadily enlarged,but the areas of woodland,cultivated land and waters were in a reduction trend.② The areas with low and moderate ecological vulnerability were dominant in the middle and lower reaches of the drainage basin,and the areas with high ecological vulnerability were mainly distributed in the southeast of the basin,northwest desertified land in the lower reaches,woodland and grassland.③ Ecological vulnerability of the drainage basin was relatively stable and in slight increase and polarization trends. The distribution of ecological vulnerability was closely related to the human activities,and it was related to the topographical conditions to some extent. The effect of climate change was not significant,which,however,could still reflect some ecological problems.