克拉玛依农业开发区造林地立地类型划分及其土壤质量综合评价

通过土壤剖面调查和采样测定,以土壤条件作为限制因素,采用主成分分析(PCA)分析了克拉玛依农业开发区造林地立地类型划分的主导因子,并采用PCA三维排序对造林地立地类型进行了划分.同时,通过建立土壤质量综合评价模型对不同立地类型造林地土壤质量进行了综合评价.结果表明:反映土壤盐分特征的总盐及Cl-、K++Na+、Mg2+、SO42-、Ca2+、CO32-各盐分离子、碱化指标pH值、反映土壤肥力特征的有机质、速效N和度量土壤板结程度的容重是开发区造林地立地类型划分的主导因子;农业开发区造林地可划分为8种立地类型,即轻盐渍化型、轻盐渍化-碱化型、轻盐渍化-板结型、中盐渍化型、强碱型、盐土型、中盐渍化-钙积型、轻盐渍化-氮丰型;各立地类型造林地土壤质量综合评价指数为0.279～0.494,属中低水平,其中轻盐渍化-氮丰型评价指数最高,盐土型最低.总体而言,开发区造林地整体处在一种低质水平,而盐碱化、低养分和板结是造成开发区造林地土壤质量差的主要障碍因子.

Dividing of Forestation Site Types and Integrated Evaluation of Soil Quality of Agricultural Development Region in Karamay

Through soil section investigation and soil sampling determination and taking soil condition as limited factor,this paper employed principal component analysis(PCA) to analyze dominating factors of dividing site types of forestation land in Karamay Agricultural Development Region and then divided forestation land into different site types by three dimensional PCA ordination and also evaluated soil quality of different site types in forestation land by establishing integrated soil quality model.The results showed that the salinity indexes such as total salinity concentration,Cl-,K++Na+,Mg2+,SO42-,Ca2+,CO32-,alkali indexes such as pH value,fertility factors such as organic fraction,instant nitrogen and degree of soil compactness were the dominating factors of dividing site types in forestation area;According to these dominating factors,eight site types in forestation land were classified.They were light salination type,light salination but alkalify type,light salination but hardened type,middle salination type,high alkalify type,saline soil type,middle salination with high content of calcium type and light salination with high content of nitrogen type.The integrated soil quality index of eight site types ranged from 0.279～0.494 and from general review soil quality of forestation land was situated in low level and salinization,low nutrient and high degree of soil compactness were the main limited factors.