大豆光合生理生态的研究——第15报 大豆不同品种光合性状和固氮能力的比较

对大豆20个品种的光合性状和固氮能力研究表明,大多数新品种或高产品种植株中上部叶片较老品种具有较多的栅栏细胞层数和细胞及叶绿体数目;较大的叶厚度和比叶重;在生殖生长期具有较高的光合速率。同时大多数新品种具有较高的根瘤固氮酶活性和较大的幼茎段酰脲含量。大豆叶片光合速率和根瘤固氮酶活性及幼茎和荚皮酰脲含量均呈显著正相关。新品种与老品种相比具有较高的光合和固氮能力。

COMPARATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TRAITS AND NITROGEN FIXATION BETWEEN SOYBEAN CULIWARS

Photosynthetic traits and nitrogen fixation ability were compared between different aoybean cultivars. The results are as follows; the upper-mid leaves of most new or high-yielding culti-vars have more palisade cell layers and palisade cells, larger number of chloroplasts, greater leaf thickness and specific leaf mass, as well as higher photosynthetic rate at reproducuve stages than that of the old ones. Meanwhile, the new cultivars have higher nodule nitrogenase activity, higher ureide contents in young stems. There were obvious positive correlations between leaf photosynthetic rate, nodule nitrogen activity and ureide contents in young stems. The new cultivars have higher ability on photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation in comparison with those of the old ones.