Organic amendments as a source of phosphorus: agronomic and environmental impact of different animal manures applied to an acid soil |
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| Authors: | Carmo Horta Marta Roboredo João Paulo Carneiro António Canatário Duarte José Torrent Andrew Sharpley |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Ciências da Vida e dos Alimentos, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Quinta da Sra. de Mércules, Castelo Branco, Portugal;2. CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Quinta da Sra. de Mércules, Castelo Branco, Portugalcarmoh@ipcb.pt;4. Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente, Centro de Química Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal;5. CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Quinta da Sra. de Mércules, Castelo Branco, Portugal;6. Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Quinta da Sra. de Mércules, Castelo Branco;7. GEOBIOTEC, Universidade da Beira Interior-Faculdade de Engenharia, Cal?ada Fonte do Lameiro, Covilh?, Portugal;8. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain;9. Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environ.Sci., University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA |
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| Abstract: | Phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource highlighting the significance of developing and using alternative P sources for a sustainable agriculture. The work aims to compare the effects of different organic amendments (OA) and a mineral P fertiliser as reference on P use efficiency by the crop, and on P losses to runoff waters and eroded sediments. A two-year field trial was conducted in a Dystric Regosol with Lolium sp. Treatments were: cattle manure compost (CM), solid fraction of swine (SS) and duck (DS) slurries and triple superphosphate (TSP), each applied at 50 kg P ha?1 year?1. Olsen P (mg P kg?1) increased from ≈ 19 at the beginning to ≈ 30 (TSP, CM), 45 (SS) and 62 (DS) after the experiment. Most of applied P remained in soil, between 92% (SS) and 96% (TSP), plant uptake ranged from 5% (CM) to 3.5% (TSP) and total P loss in runoff and sediments ranged between 0.2% (CM) and 4% (SS). OA increased P-use efficiency by the ryegrass crop compared with mineral P fertilizer. Composted cattle manure showed the best agronomic and environmental behaviour, simultaneously increasing P-use efficiency and decreasing P losses by runoff and erosion. |
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| Keywords: | Compost erosion eutrophication phosphorus use efficiency runoff water |
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