基于GIS的我国水蚀区侵蚀危险度抽样调查

 在“中国水土流失与生态安全综合科学考察”中,开展了全国水蚀区侵蚀危险度抽样调查研究。在东北黑土区、北方土石山区、西北黄土高原区、长江上游及西南诸河区、南方红壤丘陵区和西南石漠化区等6个类型区中,选择26个1∶10 000地形图图幅大小范围的样区,采用土地利用类型、地面坡度、林草地植被覆盖度、有效土层厚度和土壤密度等5个主要指标,在地理信息系统(GIS)支持下,综合评估了不同类型区调查样区的侵蚀危险度。结果表明:西南石漠化区、北方土石山区处在极险-毁坏型等级区,长江上游及西南诸河流域区属于危险型等级区,南方红壤丘陵区属于轻险-危险型等级区,西北黄土高原区和东北黑土区属于轻险型等级区。

Sampling survey for hazard degree of erosion in water erosion regien of China based on GIS

During the integrated scientific investigation of soil erosion and ecological safety in China,the potential hazard degree evaluation of erosion was studied in water erosion region.The investigation regions include Black Soil Region in Northeast China,Earthy-Rocky Mountainous Region in North China,Loess Plateau Region of Northwest China,Upper Reaches of Yangtze River and Rivers of Southwest China,Red Soil-Hilly Region in South China and Rocky Desertification Region in southwest China.26 sample plots corresponding to realistic map of 1∶10?000 were set.And the indexes of land-use type,slope,vegetation coverage,effective thickness of soil layer,and soil bulk density were selected.Based on GIS, the final hazard degree of erosion in different investigation region was synthetically evaluated.The results show that Rocky Desertification Region and Earthy-Rocky Mountainous Region are in Extremely Hazard to Destroying Region,Upper Reaches of Yangtze River and Rivers of Southwest China is in Hazard Region,Red Soil-Hilly Region is in Light Hazard to Hazard Region,and Loess Plateau Region and Black Soil Region are in Light Hazard Region.