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Engineering properties of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seeds
Authors:Magdalena Zielinska  Piotr Zapotoczny  Ireneusz Bia?obrzewski  Krystyna Zuk-Golaszewska  Marek Markowski
Institution:1. Department of Agri-Food Process Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Heweliusza 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland;2. Department of Agrotechnology and Plant Production Management, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;1. Laboratory of Solar Energy and Medicinal Plants, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2400 Marrakesh, Morocco;2. LICVEDDE (Laboratory of Innovation and Sustainable Development & Expertise in Green Chemistry), Faculty of Science Semlalia, Department of Chemistry, Cadi Ayyad University, B.P. 2390, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco Hoffman dos Santos, s.n., CEP 81530-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil;1. Department of Agrotechnology, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran;1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;2. Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;3. Institute of Research Management & Monitoring, Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;4. Research Center for Software Technology and Management, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract:Selected engineering properties of seeds of four red clover varieties were studied. The seeds of diploid and tetraploid forms were statistically different in terms of true and bulk density, porosity, volume, 1000 seed weight, equivalent diameter and yellowness index. The volume, 1000 seed weight and equivalent diameter were found to be statistically higher for tetraploid than for diploid forms. The accuracy of varietal classification based on the physical properties of seeds was found to be most satisfactory. Varieties of Bona and Jubilatka were identified with 100% accuracy based on the physical properties of seeds. Bona was the most conducive variety for the classification of red clover seeds based on four groups of engineering properties. The relationships between groups of properties described by total redundancy did not exceed 50% for any of variable pairs.
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