转基因抗虫棉产量性状的遗传效应及其杂种优势分析

采用加性-显性与环境互作的遗传模型,分析了9个亲本和36个F1的皮棉产量、单株铃数、铃重和衣分的两年资料,估算了转基因抗虫棉各项遗传方差和成对性状间各项遗传效应的相关性.结果表明,转基因抗虫棉的产量性状受加性和显性效应共同控制,皮棉产量、铃重和衣分都以基因的显性效应为主,而单株铃数是以加性效应为主,单株铃数和衣分还具有基因与环境互作效应.遗传相关分析表明,转基因抗虫棉的皮棉产量与单株铃数的基因型和表现型相关系数都比较大而且比较接近;皮棉产量与单株铃数、铃重和衣分的加性相关系数都达到极显著水平,而且皮棉产量与单株铃数、衣分的数值比较大.利用亲本和F1的资料预测了F2基因型值和杂种优势,结果表明,转基因抗虫棉F2的皮棉产量、单株铃数、铃重和衣分的群体平均优势分别为4.0%、5.1%、-1.3%和3.2%,群体超亲优势分别为-7.3%、-6.0%、-4.2%和-0.5%.

Analysis of Genetic Effects and Heterosis for Yield and Yield Traits in Transgenic Insect Resistant Cotton (G. hirsutum L)

Nine parents and their 36 F1 combinations of Bt and non Bt cotton were analyzed for four traits in two years by a genetic model of additive-dominance with environmental interaction effects.Genetic variance components and correlations of the transgenic insect resistant cotton were estimated.The result indicated that all yield traits of the transgenic insect resistant cotton were mainly controlled by the additive effects and dominant effects,the dominant effects was in the lint yield,boll weight and lint percentage,and the additive effects was in chief in bolls per plant.In addition,there was a interaction effect between genes and environments for bolls per plant and lint percentage. The genotype and phenotype correlation coefficient of yield and bolls per plant in transgenic insect resistant cotton were large,and their values were almost the same.The additive correlation between yield and bolls per plant,as well as boll weight and lint percentage were remerkble significantly.The values of additive correlation between lint yield and bolls per plant,including lint yield and lint percentage were large.The F2 genotypic value and their heterosis were analyzed and forecasted from the data of parents and their F1.The result indicated that the heterosis in F2 of the transgenic insect resistant cotton over mid-parent were 4.0%,5.1%,-1.3% and 3.2% in average for yield,boll per plant,boll weight and lint percentage,respectively,and those over the better parent were-7.3%,-6.0%,-4.2% and-0.5% in average for yield,boll per plant,boll weight and lint percentage,respectively.