不同基因型小麦的Pb积累特性及Pb对矿质元素积累的影响

利用Hoagland’s营养液培养的方法,探讨了百农1306、百农1309、百农160、百农418、温麦6号、周麦18、周麦22和周麦26等8个不同基因型小麦品种(系)的Pb积累特性,以筛选出籽粒Pb低积累型小麦品种(系),并研究了Pb对小麦Ca、Mg、Fe和K等矿质元素积累的影响,为解决重金属积累和矿质营养利用之间的矛盾奠定基础。结果表明,小麦籽粒Pb含量存在基因型差异,百农418籽粒Pb含量最低,温麦6号Pb含量最高。根据同一品种(系)的最高Pb含量部位,将8个小麦品种(系)分为籽粒型、颖壳型、叶片型,对应品种(系)分别为温麦6号,百农1306、百农1309、周麦22,百农160、百农418、周麦18、周麦26。与不加Pb(NO_3)_2的对照相比,Pb(NO_3)_2处理后,8个小麦品种(系)不同部位的Ca、K、Mg、Fe含量变化不同。除周麦22茎秆中Ca含量显著增加外,其他7个品种(系)均降低;8个品种(系)茎秆(周麦22、26除外)、叶片和颖壳中K含量均呈降低趋势;温麦6号和周麦18籽粒中Mg含量显著增加,其他6个品种(系)均显著降低;8个品种(系)叶片中Fe含量均升高。百农418和周麦26的Ca、百农1306和百农418的K、周麦18和周麦26的Mg含量(籽粒除外)变化模式相同。

Pb Accumulation Characteristics of Different Genotypes of Wheat and Effect of Pb on Mineral Elements Accumulation

In order to select grain low Pb accumulating genotypes,Bainong 1306,Bainong 1309,Bainong 160,Bainong 418,Wenmai No.6,Zhoumai 18,Zhoumai 22 and Zhoumai 26 were grown in Hoagland's nutrient solution with Pb (NO3) 2,the Pb accumulation characters were studied,and the effects of Pb on accumulation of Ca,Mg,Fe and K were explored,so as to provide basis for solving the contradiction between accumulation of heavy metal and utilization of mineral elements.The results showed that there was genotypic difference in Pb content in wheat grain.Bainong 418 and Wenmai No.6 showed the lowest and the highest grain Pb content respectively.According to the organ with the highest Pb content,eight wheat cultivars (lines) were divided into three types,grain type,glume type,leaf type,the corresponding cultivars(lines) were Wenmai No.6;Bainong 1306,Bainong 1309,Zhoumai 22;Bainong 160,Bainong 418,Zhoumai 18 and Zhoumai 26.Compared with the control without Pb,the change of Ca,K,Mg and Fe contents in different organs of eight cultivars (lines)had difference under Pb treatment.Cultivated in Hoagland's nutrient solution with Pb(NO3)2,the Ca concentration increased considerably in the culm of Zhoumai 22,but decreased considerably in the other seven cultivars (lines);the K concentration in glume,leaf and culm (except Zhoumai 22 and Zhoumai 26) of eight cultivars (lines) decreased;the Mg concentration increased considerably in the grain of Wenmai No.6 and Zhoumai 18,but decreased considerably in other six cultivars (lines);the Fe concentration in the leaves of eight cultivars (lines) increased;the Ca content in Bainong 418 and Zhoumai 26,K content in Bainong 1306 and Bainong 418,Mg content in all tissues(except grain)of Zhoumai 18 and Zhoumai 26 had the same change patterns.