不同形态有机肥等氮替代无机肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响

为了解不同形态有机肥在烤烟生产上的应用效果,通过田间试验,在等氮用量的条件下,研究了固态和液态2种形态有机肥等氮替代无机肥对烤烟农艺性状、化学成分、感官品质和产值的影响。结果表明:与当地常规施肥(对照)相比,固态有机肥等氮替代30%、50%无机肥处理的烟株生长缓慢,但化学成分综合指数较高,且能够提升上部烟叶的香气量和综合感官品质,香气量得分分别提高0.3、0.2分,感官质量总分分别提高0.17、0.16分。施用液态有机肥等氮替代无机肥较对照能够加快烟株生长,提高上部烟叶的总氮、烟碱和氯含量,三者增幅在18.9%~181.8%,降低了烟叶的香气质,增加了刺激性,但使烟叶产量较对照显著提高127.8~254.9 kg/hm~2,产值较对照显著提高3 130.8~8 584.8元/hm~2。综合分析,在纯氮施用量105.0 kg/hm~2水平下,固态有机肥等氮替代30%、50%无机肥的烟叶品质较好。

Effect of Different Organic Fertilizer Replacing Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of solid and liquid organic fertilizer replacing inorganic fertilizer at the same nitrogen level on agronomic trait,chemical composition,sensory quality and output value of flue-cured tobacco.The results indicated that compared with the local conventional fertilizing (CK),the growth of the treatments with solid organic fertilizer replacing 30％ and 50％ of inorganic fertilizer decreased,but the chemical composition index increased,the aroma quantity and sensory quality of upper leaves were improved as well by 0.3,0.2 points and 0.17,0.16 points respectively;the growth of the treatments with liquid organic fertilizer replacing inorganic fertilizer at the same nitrogen level increased,the content of total nitrogen,nicotine and chlorine increased by 18.9％-181.8％,although the aroma quality decreased,and the irritancy increased,the yield and output value significantly increased by 127.8-254.9 kg/ha and 3 130.8-8 584.8 RMB/ha respectively.It was suggested that at the level of 105.0 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer,solid organic fertilizer replacing 30％ and 50％ of inorganic fertilizer was useful for the tobacco comprehensive quality.