不同土壤消毒药剂对甘薯2种土传病害的防治效果

为寻找能同时防治甘薯根腐病和茎线虫病的高效药剂,选择98%棉隆微粒剂等5种土壤消毒药剂,研究其对2种病害的防治效果及对甘薯产量的影响。结果表明,98%棉隆微粒剂对根腐病的防治效果最好,可达46.23%;其他药剂的防效为-5.92%~29.08%。土病消可湿性粉剂对茎线虫病的防治效果最好,可达87.79%;其他药剂处理的病薯率和病情指数与土病消可湿性粉剂处理差异不显著,防效为56.67%~80.35%。收获期测产表明,98%棉隆微粒剂对甘薯的增产效果最好,产量为23 491.80 kg/hm2,较空白对照增产35.33%;其他药剂处理较对照增产-31.59%~20.77%。建议生产上选择98%棉隆微粒剂,于甘薯定植前施用,以降低根腐病和茎线虫病对甘薯产量的影响。

Control Efficiency of Different Soil Disinfectants on Two Kinds of Soil-borne Diseases of Sweet Potato

Sweet potato root-rot disease and stem nematode disease were two important diseases,which could lead to total loss of yields.In order to find effective pesticides for preventing and treating the two diseases simultaneously,a trial was carried out in the field in Daxing district,Beijing.Five soil disinfectants were chosen to investigate their control efficiency on root-rot disease and stem nematode disease,and the yield of sweet potato was also determined.The results showed that 98％ Mylone MG had a relatively better control effect on root-rot disease and the efficiency was 46.23％.The efficiencies of other disinfectants were between-5.92％ and 29.08％.Tubingxiao WP(Bacillus subtilis) had a best control effect on stem nematode disease and the efficiency could be up to 87.79％.The disease incidence and disease index in other disinfectant treatments had no significant differences from Tubingxiao treatment,and their efficiencies were between 56.67％ and 80.35％.Mylone had a significant increasing effect on sweet potato yield,and the yield was 23 491.80 kg/ha.Compared to the blank control,the percentage of yield increase was 35.33％.The increasing effects on sweet potato yield of other disinfectants were between-31.59％ and 20.77％.So it is suggested that Mylone should be used before planting,to decrease the effect of these two diseases on sweet potato yield.