小麦T型细胞质雄性不育系T9023A的选育及育性恢复研究

为了丰富T型杂交小麦的不育系和恢复系资源,以优质多抗小麦品种郑麦9023为轮回亲本,对T型小麦细胞质雄性不育系T504A连续回交选育不育系,研究其雄性败育特点,并进行恢复系鉴定和育性恢复的遗传分析。结果表明:回交转育获得不育系T9023A,其不育性稳定,雄性败育彻底,花药干瘪细长、不开裂,I_2-KI染色显示,花粉败育类型为圆败和典败。以具有野燕麦(Q型)细胞质的小麦品种川农26和川农27与T9023A测交,其测交F_1自交结实率(国内法)分别为80.3%和62.6%,川农26对T9023A的恢复能力更强一些。T9023A/川农26的F_2群体可育株与不育株分离比符合15∶1,表明川农26携带有T型细胞质雄性不育的2对主效恢复基因。

Study on Breeding of T-type Wheat CMS Line T9023A and Its Fertility Restoration

In order to enrich the resources of cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) lines and restorer lines for T-type hybrid wheat,the elite wheat variety Zhengmai 9023 was used as the recurrent male parent to backcross with T-type CMS line T504A to breed new CMS line,and its male abortive characters as studied,the restorer lines were identified,the genetic analysis of fertility restoration were done.The results showed that a completely male sterile line T9023A was obtained through successive backcrossing.The anther of T9023A was shriveled,slender and no crack.The pollen grains of T9023A were irregular or spherical in shape and unstainable with I2-KI solution.By crossing T9023A with wheat variety Chuannong 26 and Chuannong 27(both having Avena fatua cytoplasm),two F1 hybrids were obtained.And their selfed seed fertility(domestic method) were 80.3% and 62.6%,respectively.The restoring capability of Chuannong 26 for T9023A was much higher.Segregation for fertility∶sterile in F2 populations of T9023A/Chuannong 26 fitted the ratio of 15∶1.This result suggested that Chuannong 26 contained 2 pairs of major restorer genes for T-type CMS.