茎瘤芥(榨菜)主要性状配合力及杂种优势分析

以15个茎瘤芥亲本为材料,按7×8不完全双列杂交组配组合,分析茎瘤芥主要性状的配合力及杂种优势。结果表明,同一性状不同亲本间及同一亲本不同性状间一般配合力存在较大差异。瘤茎产量一般配合力相对效应值变幅为-29.88~13.48,其中显著或极显著正向效应值有5个,占33.33%。组配的56个组合瘤茎产量特殊配合力相对效应值变幅为-35.86~34.24,其中显著或极显著正向效应值有24个,占42.86%。在茎瘤芥杂种优势利用中,既要重视一般配合力选择,更要重视特殊配合力选择。瘤茎产量平均超亲优势为6.24%,变幅为-46.34%~77.22%,正向优势组合占64.29%,茎瘤芥亲本间瘤茎产量存在较明显的杂种优势。相关分析表明,瘤茎产量的超亲优势与特殊配合力间相关系数达极显著水平,且相关系数较大,说明可用特殊配合力效应预测瘤茎产量杂种优势。

Combining Ability and Heterosis of Important Agronomic Traits in Tuber Mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen & Lee)

In this study,the combining ability and heterosis of 17 traits were analyzed with 15 parents of tuber mustard and their combinations from a 7 × 8 incomplete diallel design as materials.The result indicated that the general combining ability(GCA) among different parents in the same trait and among different traits in the same parent showed great different.The GCA relative effects of stem yield among different parents ranged from-29.88 to 13.48.Five effects showed significant positive,accounting for 33.33％.The special combining ability(SCA) relative effects ranged from-35.86 to 34.24 with twenty-four effects showing significantly positive,accounting for 42.86％.During the using of heterrosis in tuber mustard,therefore,it should pay attention to both GCA and SCA.The hight-parent heterosis of stem yield ranged from-46.34％ to 77.22％ with an average of 6.24％,and 64.29％ of hybrids showed positive.There was significant heterosis of stem yield among parents.The correlation coefficient between hight-parent heterosis and SCA of the stem yield is large and highly significant,which indicates that the heterosis can be reflected by SCA.