柴胡腐解液对3种作物的化感作用研究

以白菜、玉米、小麦为受体材料,采用室内生物测定法测定不同质量浓度柴胡植株地上部分和地下部分的腐解液对3种作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,筛选适宜柴胡后茬种植的作物种类。结果表明:柴胡腐解液对白菜和玉米种子各发芽指标均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑制率分别为1.02%~100.00%和1.12%~89.25%;对白菜幼苗有抑制根长和促进苗高的双重作用;对玉米幼苗根长和苗高均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑制率为3.05%~85.93%。柴胡腐解液对小麦种子发芽率、幼苗根长和苗高均有抑制作用,且随浓度升高抑制作用增强;地上部分腐解液对小麦种子发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数的化感作用呈现低促高抑的效应,而地下部分腐解液则表现出随着浓度升高抑制作用逐渐增强的趋势。隶属函数分析表明,柴胡地下部分腐解液对受体作物的抑制作用大于地上部分腐解液。柴胡腐解液对白菜的化感抑制作用最强,对小麦的化感抑制作用最弱。因此,与白菜和玉米相比,小麦更适合作柴胡的后茬作物。

Allelopathic Effect of Bupleurum chinense DC.Decomposition Liquid on Three Kinds of Crops

The principle of allelopathy was applied in order to select the suitable afterculture crop of Bupleurum chinense DC..The allelopathic effect of the decomposition liquid of Bupleurum chinense DC.on germination and seedlings growth of Chinese cabbage,wheat and corn were tested in petri dishes in laboratory by adopting indoor bioassay.Results showed that the decomposition liquid of Bupleurum chinense DC.reduced the germination indexes of Chinese cabbage and corn,with the inhibition rate from 1.02％ to 100.00％ and 1.12％ to 89.25％,respectively.The decomposition liquid of Bupleurum chinense DC.reduced the root length and promoted the seedling hight of Chinese cabbage,while reduced the root length and seedling hight of corn,with the inhibition rate from 3.05％ to 85.93％.The decomposition liquid of Bupleurum chinense DC.inhibited the germination ratio,root length and seedling hight of wheat,and the inhibition rate was increased with the increase of decomposition liquid concentration.The germination potential,germination index and vigor index of wheat seed were promoted at low concentration while suppressed at high concentration by the decomposition liquid of the overground parts of Bupleurum chinense DC.,and the inhibition effects were increased by the decomposition liquid of the underground parts of Bupleurum chinense DC..Subordinate function analysis indicated that the allelopathic inhibitory effect of the underground parts of Bupleurum chinense DC.was stronger than the overground parts.The decomposition liquid of Bupleurum chinense DC.had strongest allelopathic inhibitory effects on Chinese cabbage,but had weakest allelopathic inhibitory effects on wheat.Wheat is the suitable afterculture crop of Bupleurum chinense DC.compared with Chinese cabbage and corn.