豌豆氮磷钾肥效研究

为探明豌豆生产中氮磷钾肥最优化施肥参数,采用“3414”不完全正交回归设计肥料效应试验方案,利用沙培基质盆栽试验对豌豆品种科豌6号的氮磷钾肥料效应进行了研究,明确了豌豆对氮磷钾的真实需求量,并筛选适宜的肥料配方。结果表明：适宜氮磷钾肥用量及其配施能显著改善豌豆的经济性状,提高豌豆产量。氮和钾是限制豌豆产量的主要养分因子,施氮钾的增产效果明显,其次是磷。通过建立肥料与产量效应函数方程并结合经济效益分析得出,豌豆的最高产量施肥量为N 160.35kg/hm ²、P₂O₅ 124.35kg/hm ²、K₂O 57.45kg/hm ²,最大效益施肥量为N 169.95kg/hm ²、P₂O₅ 4.50kg/hm ²、K₂O 21.15kg/hm ²。因此,科豌6号施肥时要重施氮肥,适配磷钾肥。

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer in Pea

In order to explore the optimum fertilizing parameters of N, P and K in pea production, the effects of N, P, K fertilization were studied through potted experiment with the “3414”design by using a pea commercial variety Kewan 6. The accurate demand for N, P, K fertilizers in pea was clarified, and the appropriate fertilizing combination was selected. The results showed that appropriate applying quantity of N, P, K and their combination could significantly improve economic traits and yield of pea. N and K were the main nutrient factors limiting the pea yield, followed by P. Through the establishment of a functional equation, economic benefit analysis for different fertilizer treatments indicated that the most suitable amount of three fertilizers for the maximum yield of Kewan 6 were N 160.35kg/hm ², P₂O₅ 124.35kg/hm ², K₂O 57.45kg/hm ², and the most suitable amount for the best economic benefit were N 169.95kg/hm ², P₂O₅ 4.50kg/hm ², K₂O 21.15kg/hm ². Therefore, the application of N, P, K fertilizers of Kewan 6 should emphasize on increasing N with appropriate P and K.