弧形电晕场处理对玉米种子活力及生理指标的影响

为明确电晕场处理对玉米种子活力及生理指标的影响,以玉米品种农大108和津北288为试验材料,研究了优化处理的条件及处理对玉米杂交种活力提高的幅度和生理指标的变化。结果表明,种子含水量不同时最优处理场强和时间随着种子水分含量的升高而降低;随着种子基础活力的提高,处理后种子活力的提高幅度降低,中、低活力的种子发芽率较对照提高12%~24%,活力指数提高28%~51%;在正常种子含水量（12%左右）条件下,350kV/m的场强处理5.6min条件对种子活力的提高效果较好。在优化的处理条件下,电晕场处理后α-淀粉酶、脱氢酶、SOD、POD、CAT活性均显著高于对照,而浸出液电导率显著低于对照。研究表明,在最优条件下,电晕场处理能有效提高种子活力、细胞膜的修复能力和各种代谢酶、保护酶的活性。

Effects of Arc-Tooth-Shaped Corona Discharge Field Treatment on Improving Corn Seed Vigor and Physiological Indexes

To understand mechanism of arc-tooth-shaped corona discharge field (ATSCDF) on improving corn seed vigor, three samples of two hybrids, Nongda 108 and Jinbei 288, were used to study influences of seed moisture content and seed vigor after ATSCDF treatment. The optimized electric field strength and treatment time changed with seed moisture content. The longer treatment time and the greater varied the field strength became. Percentage of seed germination of middle and low vigor seeds could be increased by from 12% to 24%, of which vigor index was increased by from 28%-51%. The optimal treatment condition of ATSCDF was about 350 kV/m and 5.6min under normal moisture content. The six physiological indexes of seeds treated under optimal conditions, which were the electrical conductivity, the activities of amylase, dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT), were tested and compared with control. The activities of amylase, dehydrogenase, SOD, POD, and CAT increased significantly compared with the control for seeds of different vigor, and the electrical conductivity decreased significantly to the control. It was cleared that seed vigor could be actively increased by the treatment of ATSCDF under optimal condition, because of improvement of activities of many kinds of metabolic enzymes and protective enzymes, and of capability of repairing cell membrane.