施用不同品种硅钙钾镁肥对香蕉产量、品质及土壤养分的影响

目的]为改善香蕉蕉园土壤酸化和硅、钙、镁养分水平,提高香蕉产量和品质。方法]在大田试验条件下研究了不同品种硅钙钾镁肥对香蕉产量、品质及土壤pH和养分含量的影响。结果]与习惯施肥相比,施用750 kg/hm2硅钙钾镁肥能显著提高香蕉产量,不同品种的硅钙钾镁肥增产率为3.82%～5.64%,但品种之间的产量差异不显著。施用硅钙钾镁能增加果指长,并使果肉中维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量均有一定程度的提高。施用硅钙钾镁肥可使收获期土壤pH值比对照处理提高0.34～0.72个单位,有效缓解土壤pH下降,并显著提高土壤有效钙和有效镁的含量。结论]综合比较,以灰粉状硅钙钾镁肥在香蕉上的田间应用效果较好。

Effect of Different Varieties of Silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium Fertilizer on Banana Yield,Quality and Soil Nutrients

To regulate the soil acidity and silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrient content in banana orchards, and improve banana yield and quality, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different varieties of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium (SCPM) fertilizers on banana yield, quality and soil nutrients. Compared with conventional fertilization, the results showed that the annual production of banana increased significantly by 3.82%-5.64% under the application of 750 kg/hm2 of SCPM fertilizers, but there was no significant difference of yield between different treatments (P＞0.05). The length of banana finger could be significantly increased by SCPM. The results of quality analysis indicated that the application of SCPM were effective to improve the content of vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble solids in fruit pulp. The use of SCPM could increase soil pH value by 0.12- 0.72 units, and raise the available level of calcium and magnesium in the soil. Comprehensively compared, the gray-powder SCPM fertilizer has the best effect in banana cultivation.