不同农艺措施对商麦156分蘖成穗及产量的影响

为了探索大穗型小麦品种的高产栽培模式，发挥其增产潜力，在大田条件下，以‘商麦156’为试验材料，采用随机区组试验设计，研究了播期、播量、行距和镇压对其分蘖成穗及产量的影响。结果表明：播期为10月11日的产量达到最高，除与播期10月16日差异不显著外，与其他处理的差异均显著；基本苗为300万/hm2的处理产量最高，除与基本苗为375万/hm2的差异不显著外，与其他处理的差异均显著；行距为16.7 cm的单位面积成穗最多，产量最高，20 cm处理的效果次之，且二者与其他处理的差异达到显著水平；返青期镇压可增加‘商麦156’的单株分蘖数和成穗数，镇压过多造成无效分蘖增加，不能显著提高单位面积上的产量。生产上，‘商麦156’以播期10月11日—10月16日，基本苗300万~375万/hm2，行距16.7~20 cm为宜，群体偏大时，可适度镇压以降低株高，增强小麦的抗逆能力。

Agronomic Measures Affect Tillering and Spike Formation and Yield of‘Shangmai 156’

To explore high-yield cultivation mode of the big-spike wheat varieties and give full play to their yield-increasing potential, under field condition, taking‘Shangmai 156’as the experimental material, we used randomized block experiment design and studied the effects of sowing date, sowing quantity, line spacing and repression on tillering and spike formation and yield. The results showed that the yield reached the maximum when the sowing date was October 11th, it was significantly different from that of other treatments except sowing date October 16th. The yield was the highest when the basic seedlings was 3.0 million/hm2, and it was significantly different from that of other treatments except 3.75 million/hm2. The yield and the number of spike per unit area were the highest when the line spacing was 16.7 cm, followed by those of 20 cm, and the two treatments had significant difference with the other treatments. Repression at returning green stage increased the number of tiller and spike per plant, too much repression caused the increase of ineffective tiller, which could not promote the yield obviously. In production, sowing date from October 11th to October 16th, the basic seedling of 3 million/hm2 to 3.75 million/hm2 and the row spacing of 16.7cm to 20 cm is suitable for‘Shangmai 156’. When the group is too large, moderate repression could be done to reduce the plant height and increase the resistance of wheat.