从非洲水稻材料中筛选耐高温种质资源

为了更好的开展抗热水稻育种工作，本研究试图从非洲地区收集的水稻种质资源中筛选耐热资源。采用最新建立的梯级温度法对来自非洲各地区的6 个水稻品种进行花期高温处理，通过不同温度下的受精率，计算耐热指数和耐热综合指数，以耐热综合指数判定材料的耐热性。结果表明，品种‘SDWG005’在不同温度下的耐热指数皆大于0.9，耐热综合指数为6.462，表现出极强的耐热性；品种‘SDWG001’在不同温度下的耐热指数大于0.5，耐热综合指数为4.163，表现出强耐热性；品种‘SDBN001’与品种‘SDSL013’在37℃下的耐热指数小于0.5，其他温度下耐热指数大于0.6，耐热综合指数分别为3.694 与3.406，表现出较耐热性。筛选得到了一个极强耐高温品种‘SDWG005’，2 个强耐高温品种‘SDWG001’与‘SDBN001’，试验显示来源于非洲的水稻中可能潜藏有宝贵的可用于育种的耐热资源和基因。

Selecting High Temperature Tolerant Germplasms from Africa Rice

To facilitate rice breeding with heat tolerance, we try to screen heat-resistant resources from Africa rice. Using the newly established cascade temperature method, six rice varieties from various regions of Africa were treated with high temperature in flowering period. The heat-tolerant index and integrated heat-tolerant index were calculated by the fertilization rate under different high-temperature treatments, and the integrated heat-tolerant index was selected to judge their heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of‘SDWG005’was greater than 0.9 among high-temperature treatments and its’integrated heat-tolerant index was 6.462, showing significant heat tolerance. The heat- tolerant index of‘SDWG001’was greater than 0.5 among hightemperature treatments and its’integrated heat-tolerant index was 4.163, showing strong heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of both‘SDBN001’and‘SDSL013’were lower than 0.5 under 37℃ treatment and greater than 0.6 under other treatments. The integrated heat-tolerant index of the two varieties was 3.694 and 3.406, respectively, showing relatively high heat resistance. By screening, an extremely strong heat-resistant variety ‘SDWG005’and two strong heat-resistant varieties‘SDWG001’and‘SDBN001’were obtained. The results suggest that some rice germplasm resources from Africa may have heat-tolerant genes, which can be used for breeding heat tolerant rice in the future.