气吸式油茶籽壳仁清选装置仿真分析与试验

针对油茶籽机械化脱壳后籽仁与果壳分离不干净问题，设计出一种气吸式壳仁清选装置．为分析流场对壳仁混合物吸出特性的影响，优化鼓风机工作参数，以ＡＮＳＹＳ／Ｆｌｕｅｎｔ为工具，构建了清选装置内流体模型，对壳仁混合物中籽仁、碎仁及大壳、小壳的运动状态进行模拟仿真．仿真结果表明：混合物在流场中有被吸出、滞留、掉落３种状态；小壳在流场中的停留时间较为随机，运动轨迹长度随鼓风机转速增大而增大；鼓风机转速为１６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ时，小壳清选效率较高，果仁和碎仁不被吸出，部分大壳被吸出．样机试验表明：籽仁干净率随鼓风机转速升高而增大，当转速为１６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ时，清选干净率高达９８％．

Simulation analysis and prototype test of air-suction cleaning device to separate camellia seed and camellia shell

An air-suction cleaning device was designed to solve the problem in separation of camelliaseed kernel and camellia shell after dehulling camellia seed． The flow model of cleaning device was setup by using ANSYS/Fluent as tool，then the motion trajectories of camellia seed kernel，broken kernel，big shell and small shell were simulated． The simulation results showed that the materials have threestates in air flow field such as sucked out，retention and drop down． The time of small shell staying in thecleaning device is random，and path length increases with the rotational speed of blower． When the rota-tional speed of blower is 1 600 r/min，small shell will be separated effectively，some big shells will besucked out，but seed kernel and broken kernel will not be sucked out． The prototype test showed that thecleaning rate increases with rotational speed of blower，when rotational speed is 1 600 r/min，cleaningrate will reach to 98%．