文心兰组织培养及转基因研究进展

综述了文心兰组织培养及转基因研究的主要进展。外植体、培养基及其添加物、植物生长调节剂和培养方式对文心兰类原球茎或丛芽诱导均产生重要影响,大田植株的花梗、花芽、茎尖、根尖等均可用作初代培养的外植体,其中花梗及花芽为最常用的外植体,试管苗的所有组织器官均是有效的外植体;文心兰离体培养以固体培养方式为主,1/2MS、MS是用于文心兰离体培养最常用的基本培养基,培养基中植物生长调节剂种类、浓度及其配比是文心兰离体培养成功与否的关键因素。文心兰类原球茎形成过程是典型的体细胞胚胎发生发育过程,体细胞胚胎发生受植物生长调节剂、基因型、培养条件等影响较大。文心兰转基因研究尚处于初步阶段。

Research progress on Oncidium in tissue culture and transgenes

This article reviews the main research progress on Oncidium tissue culture and genetic transformation. There are important effects of explants, medium and its supplements [including organic compounds and plant growth regulators (PGRs)], and culture methods for protocorm-like bodies (PLB) or crown bud induction in Oncidium in vitro culture. Flower-stalk, flower bud, apical bud and root-tip of field plants can all be used as explants in primary culture, but flower-stalks and flower buds are the best commonly used explants for Oncidium in vitro culture. All of the tissues or organs of test-tube plants are good explants for Oncidium in vitro culture. Oncidium is mainly cultured on solid media and 1/2MS or MS is the commonly used basic medium for in vitro culture. The types, concentrations of PGRs, and their combinations in the medium are key factors in Oncidium in vitro culture. The process of PLB formation in Oncidium is a typical somatic embryogenesis which is greatly influenced by PGRs, genotype and culture condition. Research on genetic transformation of Oncidium is in a primary stage.