基于能值分析的设施葡萄生产系统可持续评价

为全面评价设施葡萄生产系统的经济效益、生态效益和可持续发展水平,利用能值分析方法,基于大量统计数据和调研数据,以露地栽培作为对照,对设施葡萄栽培系统的能值消耗总量、结构和主要能值分析指标进行了研究。结果表明:1)设施葡萄生产系统的能值投入总量为5.32×1016 sej/(hm2·a),高于露地栽培;2)设施和露地这2种葡萄生产系统的能值消耗均以不可更新购入能值为主,且对购入能值的依赖强于自然资源能值,对不可更新资源能值的依赖强于可更新资源能值;3)与露地栽培相比,设施葡萄生产系统的能值自给率和产出率偏低,能值投资率和环境负载率偏高,可持续发展能力降低。设施葡萄生产系统的环境负载较高,应降低购入性能值消耗、改进系统内部资源反馈效率,以提高系统的可持续性水平。

Emergy-based sustainability assessment for protected grape cultivation system

In order to assess the economic benefit,ecological benefit and sustainability in protected grape cultivation system,a methodology of emergy analysis was adopted to research the emergy accounting,emergy structure and emergy-based indicators for protected viticulture system.The data was acquired through statistical data and field investigation,and the open-field viticulture system was chosen to conduct the comparative study.The results indicate that the total emergy input in protected grape cultivation is 5.32×10¹⁶ sej/(hm²·a),which is higher than the open-field system.The emergy consumption in both grape production systems are characterized by more heavily dependent on the purchased emergy and nonrenewable resource emergy.Compared to the open-field cultivation,the protected grape system has lower emergy self-sufficiency rate and emergy yield ratio,higher emergy investment rate and environmental loading ratio,and lower emergy sustainability index.The environmental loding in protected grape cultivation system is relative higher;it should reduce the purchased emergy and increase the feedback efficiency of internal resources,so as to improve the sustainability of the system.