水氮耦合供应对日光温室番茄产量和品质的影响

以番茄为试材,采用2水平灌水量(W1:4541.0 m3/hm2、W2:2270.6 m3/hm2)×3水平氮肥追施量(N1:747.4 kg/hm2、N2:373.7 kg/hm2、N3:0 kg/hm2),研究了不同水分和氮素供应水平对日光温室越冬栽培番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥追施量较多(N1)时可显著提高番茄产量,减少灌水量并未导致产量的显著下降。高量施氮或不施氮,番茄果实Vc含量均相应下降。高量施氮可显著提高果实中游离氨基酸及可溶性蛋白质含量。增加施氮量和灌水量可显著提高果实中有机酸含量,但对可溶性糖含量无显著影响。加大氮肥追施量和减少灌水量可显著增加果实中硝酸盐含量。采用灰关联理论对不同水分和氮素供应条件综合评价,结果以灌水量2270.6 m3/hm2和施氮量373.7 kg/hm2为最佳处理组合。

Concurrent influences of different water and nitrogen supplement on yields and quality of tomato in solar-greenhouse

The concurrent influences of 2 water(W1: 4541.0 m3/hm2 and W2: 2270.6 m3/hm2) and 3 nitrogen levels(N1: 747.4 kg/hm2,N2:373.7 kg/hm2 and N3:0 kg/hm2) supplement on yields and quality of tomato grown in solar greenhouse were studied.Results showed that tomato yields was not distinctly affected by irrigation supplement levels,but significantly affected by nitrogen supplement levels.Content of soluble protein,free amino acid,organic acid in tomato fruit were effectively improved according to the nitrogen supplement levels.Shortness and excessiveness of nitrogen supply would reduce ascorbic acid(Vc) content,but not significantly affected by water supply.Content of nitrate in fruit would increase along with higher nitrogen and less water supply.