Effect of ammonia on the quantitative clearance of Escherichia coli from lungs, air sacs, and livers of turkeys aerosol vaccinated against Escherichia coli |
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Authors: | K V Nagaraja D A Emery K A Jordan V Sivanandan J A Newman B S Pomeroy |
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Abstract: | Turkeys were given an aerosol vaccine to determine their ability to clear a virulent inhaled pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli, while they were being maintained in the presence of atmospheric NH3. Turkeys were exposed to 2 concentrations of NH3 (10 and 40 microliters/L of air). More E coli was found in lungs, air sacs, and livers of turkeys exposed to NH3. Turkeys not exposed to NH3 had better clearance of E coli. Vaccination against E coli improved the rate of clearance of E coli in birds not exposed to NH3. |
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