SM-1诱导三眠蚕生产超细纤度茧丝的研究

本研究应用SM—1对15对蚕品种的第3龄或第4龄幼虫添食,均能100%诱导三眠蚕.生产出1—2D不同规格的超细纤度茧丝,诱导出的三眠蚕发育快,终龄期体重及丝腺增长速度显著高于对照.能正常化蛹、化蛾、产卵.从饲料效率比较,食下每克干物的茧层量以四眠蚕对照为100,诱导三眠蚕为82.3—85.5%;张种用桑量为对照的40—65%,对单位用桑量的产茧量两者相仿.尤其是夏秋蚕,减少发病,表现稳产.茧丝质调查,以对照区的茧层率为100,诱导三眠蚕为68—85%;第3龄添食区的茧丝长与对照区相近,为900—1275m;第4龄添食区为668—900m;解舒率高达80—95%,均显著高于对照.用诱导三眠蚕超细纤度蚕茧缫制的细纤度生丝(9/11D或13/15D),品位可达4—5A级.并表现纤度偏差小(0.56—0.63D),洁净优(95—99分)、伸度好(20%以上)、抱合力强(94—100次)等优点.农村夏秋两期诱导饲养三眠蚕15张.二年来室内外共诱导三眠蚕茧350多公斤,已缫制的细纤度生丝40多公斤,并试织了真丝绡、绝缘纺、电力纺及细旦真丝袜等薄型织物,为开发利用超细纤度茧丝打下了基础.

STUDIES ON THE SUPERFINE SILK PRODUCTION OF INDUCED TRIMOLTING SILKWORM BY SM-1

The studies were carried out by feeding 3 th or 4 th instar larvae of 15 pairs of silkworm races with SM- 1 . All of the treated larvae became induced trimolters, which produced superfine cocoon filament with the size about 1-2d, The induced trimolters developed rapidly and the increasing rate about the body weight of last instar and silk gland were obviously higher than that of the control. Their pupation, eclosion and oviposition were normal. On comparing food efficiecy, amount of the cocoon shell produced per 1 g of dry matter feeded was about 82.3-85.5% in the induced trimolters, while 100% in the control ( tetramolters ) , and its amount of mulberry application for per single egg case was 40-65% of that of the control's. Amount of mulberry application for one case of common tetramolter could rear 1.5-2.5 cases of trimolter,but the cocoon weight in unit amount of mulberry application was equal. The disease infection in induced trimolter was greatly reduced, especially in summer and autumn rearing, and the cocoon production seemed more steady. Cocoon quality of the induced trimolters was examined, its cocoon shell percentage was 68-85%, while 100% in the control) length of the filament was about 900-1275m both in feeding group of trimolters and controls, while in feeding group of tetramolters it was 668-900m. Reelability percentage of the induced trimolter cocoons ( 80-95% ) were fairly high compar with the control and the inherited trimolters strain. The fine raw silk ( 13/15d ) reeled from superfine cocoon filament of induced trimolter reached 4 A-5 A grade. Some qualities about these kind of superfine cocoon filament were excellent such as low size deviation(0.5-0.6D), exellent neatness defect(95-99 point),good elongation ( more than 20% ) and strong cohesiontest ( 94-100 times ) etc.Practical rearing for experiment were carried out in the countryside, and about 350kg cocoons of induced trimolter was produced with 15 egg cases in 2 years) about 40kg fine raw silk was reeled and the knitting of real silk gauze, fabric of insulation, habutae and sheer fabrics like silk stocking, etc. were also tried. A good foundation for exploitation and utilization of superfine cocoon filament was made.