西北煤炭开发对水环境影响的评价模型与方法

西北地区煤炭资源丰富,将成为我国未来能源供应的主要基地。由于自然条件原因,水资源极其贫乏,生态环境十分脆弱。而煤炭开发必将影响地表生态和环境,也将扰动地下水资源。研究煤炭开发对水环境的影响,评估其影响程度,为西北煤炭开发引发的生态环境恶化提供预警依据。本文提出了煤炭开发对水环境影响的模糊评价模型和方法。应用所建立的模型对神府-东胜矿区煤炭开发引发的水环境影响进行了评价。应用实例表明,理论模型严谨,方法简单,评价结果合理可行。此方法可广泛应用于矿业开发对生态环境的影响评价。

A Model and a Method for Assessment of Environmental Impact of Northwest Chinese Coal Development on Water Resources

Northwest China is rich in coal resources will become the main base of energy supply in the future.Because natural conditions cause extremely poor water resources,the eco-environment is very fragile.However,coal development will affect surface ecology and the environment,and groundwater resources will be disturbed.Study on environmental impact of coal development on the water resources and assessment on the degree of their impact can provide early warning to the eco-environment aggravation caused by coal development in the Northwest China.Based on the analysis of the relationship between coal development and water environment,in this research,a vague assessment model and a method for environmental impact of coal development on water resources is presented,which is applied to assess the water environmental impact of coal development of Shenfu-Dongsheng coal mining.The case study proves that the model and method are reliable and the results are reasonable and practicable.They can also be applied in mineral development on the eco-environment impact assessment.