外源激素与磷素配施对老芒麦生长特性及营养品质的影响

以来自青藏高原高寒草地野生老芒麦（Elymus sibiricus L.）种子为试验材料，采用营养砂培法，研究了根部施用不同体积（0，3，5，7，10 mL）磷素（NaH₂PO₄，200 g·L^-1）溶液搭配叶面喷施不同体积（10，7，5，3，0 mL）外源激素6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA，20 mg·L^-1）和吲哚乙酸（IAA，30 mg·L^-1）对老芒麦生长特性及营养品质的影响，旨在为外源激素和磷素的互作效应以及老芒麦人工草地建植技术提供理论依据。试验结果表明：在7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL 6-BA（PB7+3）和7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL IAA（PI7+3）处理下，地上干重较对照分别增加33%和26%；粗蛋白含量在10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL 6-BA（PB10+0）、10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL IAA（PI10+0）处理下较对照各增加了24%；酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL IAA（PI5+5）处理下较对照降低了4%，老芒麦磷含量在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA（PB5+5）和3 mL NaH₂PO₄+7 mL IAA（PI3+7）处理下较对照分别增加了46%和50%。经灰色关联度对地上干重和营养品质综合分析表明，P素与6-BA和IAA配施可以提高老芒麦生长特性和营养品质，其中在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA（PB5+5）处理下配施效果较佳，本试验结果可为外源激素和磷素的互作效应以及老芒麦人工草地建植技术提供理论依据。

Effects of Different Ratio of Exogenous Hormones and Phosphate on the Growth and Nutritional Quality of Elymus sibiricus L.

To understand the effect of phosphorus (NaH₂PO₄) and two exogenous hormones (6-BA and IAA) on the vegetative growth and nutritional quality of Elymus sibiricus L.,different volumes (0,3,5,7,10 mL) of phosphate (NaH₂PO₄,200 g·L^-1) were applied to the roots of Elymus sibiricus L.,and different volumes (10,7,5,3,0 mL) of the N-(Pheny-lmethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (6-BA,20 mg·L^-1) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA,30 mg·L^-1) were sprayed on the leaves of E. sibiricus L.. The total volume applied is 10 mL. The wild E. sibiricus seeds collected in the alpine grassland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were planted in the sand culture with nutrient solutions. The experiment design had 10 treatments,which were PB0+10,PB3+7,PB5+5,PB7+3,PB10+0,PI0+10,PI3+7,PI5+5,PI7+3,PI10+0,and CK of distilled water. The results showed that the aboveground dry weight treated with 7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL 6-BA (PB7+3) and 7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL IAA (PI7+3) increased by 33% and 26% compared with the control,respectively. The crude protein content of E. sibiricus L. were both improved by 24% under treatments of 10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL 6-BA (PB10+0) and 10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL IAA (PI10+0). The content of ADF was reduced by 4% compared with the control group under the 5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL IAA (PI5+5) treatment,and the content of phosphorus increased by 46% and 50% under treatments of 5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA(PB5+5) and 3 mL NaH₂PO₄+7 mL IAA (PI3+7),respectively. Through the comprehensive analysis of grey correlation to dry weight and nutrient quality,it was found that the different ratios of phosphorus with 6-BA and IAA could promote the growth of E. sibiricus L. and improve its nutritional quality,and the effect of 5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA (PB5+5) treatments was the best. The results of this experiment provide a theoretical basis for the combination use of phosphorus and hormone and for the artificial grassland construction technology of E. sibiricus.