CPPU和GA_3在葡萄中的残留动态及对果实品质的影响

以夏黑葡萄为试材,研究氯吡脲(CPPU)和赤霉素(GA3)在葡萄果实中的残留动态及对品质的调控作用。结果表明,25 mg.L-1 GA3+5 mg.L-1CPPU复合处理对葡萄果实的膨大效果最为明显。在葡萄果实生长发育过程中,CPPU和GA3总体呈降低趋势,外源GA3没有影响内源GA3总体变化趋势,CPPU消解率在处理后15 d时超过90%,CPPU残留量在处理后10 d时低于美国最高残留限量(MRL,0.03 mg.kg-1),GA3残留量在处理后1 d时低于美国、日本MRL(0.2 mg.kg-1)。所有处理均使果实可溶性固形物含量上升,可滴定酸含量下降。GA3处理促进了果皮花青素的合成,CPPU处理抑制了果皮花青素的合成。为CPPU和GA3在葡萄种植中的合理应用提供了科学依据。

Residues of plant growth regulators in fruit and regulation on fruit quality in Summer Black grape

The residues of forchlorfenuron(CPPU) and gibberellic acid(GA3) in grape fruit(cv.Summer Black) and their effects on fruit quality were studied.Results showed that 25 mg·L-1 GA3+5 mg·L-1 CPPU treatment could obviously improve diameter and length of grape fruit than others.CPPU or GA3 level in grape fruit gradually decreased during development,and exogenous GA3 treatment had no effects on the changes of endogenous GA3 in grape fruit.The dissipation rate of CPPU in grape treated with 25 mg·L-1 GA3+5 mg·L-1 CPPU reached 90% higher after 15 days of treatment.CPPU levels after 10 days of treatment was below maximum residue limit(0.03 mg·kg-1) of USA,and GA3 residue below MRL(0.2 mg·kg-1) of USA and Japan after one day of treatment.All treatments increased total soluble solids content and decreased titratable acid content.GA3 treatment could significantly enhance total anthocyanin content of grape peel,but CPPU treatment inhibited it.This study will provide reference for the security production of grape fruit.