杨-小麦复合经营模式的立地生产力及生态经济效益评价

根据目前平原农区经济发展的现状和林木生长的边行优势原理 ,设计了 6种双行大间距的杨农复合经营模式。试验点位于江苏省宝应县 ,于 1992年春植苗造林 ,供试杨树品种为NL - 80 35 1,农作物品种为小麦 ,6种杨树配置模式分别为Ⅰ :(3× 3)× 2 0m ;Ⅱ :(3× 3)× 30m ;Ⅲ :(3× 3)× 4 0m ;Ⅳ :(4× 4 )× 2 0m ;Ⅴ :(4× 4 )× 30m ;Ⅵ :(4× 4 )× 4 0m。根据调查研究的资料 ,本文主要探讨了小麦不同物候期内不同杨农复合经营模式中小气候条件的时空变异 ,不同模式对农作物产量和质量的影响 ,生物生产力及光能利用率的差异及其经济效益评价。研究结果表明 :(1)杨农复合经营模式降低了作物面层上的太阳总辐射和温度 ,提高了作物面层上的相对湿度。与单农经营相比 ,不同复合模式及不同物候期内太阳总辐射和光照强度降低了 3 9%～ 36 2 % ,相对湿度提高了 2 5 %～ 3 9%。(2 )杨农复合经营对小麦的产量和质量有较大影响。与单农经营相比 ,小麦千粒重和单位面积产量均有所下降 ,但不同间作模式下降的幅度存在较大差异 ,而小麦中淀粉含量和蛋白质含量均明显高于单农经营 ,平均分别高12 1%和 18 3%。 (3)林分 7年生时 ,6种杨粮 (小麦 )间作模式的生物生产力、光能利用率和经济效益均高于单农经营 ,其大小顺

Poplar-Crop Interplantation:a Case Study for Its Ecological Benefits,Site Productivity and Economics

Poplars are the major tree component of the traditional agroforestry systemthroughout the south temperate central area of China.However,lack of experimental data or basic information on production of the interplanting system is a serious gap in our knowledge,and consequently,a stable,optimized poplar-crop interplanting pattern is hard to achieve.In order to develop a poplar crop interplanting patterns which is economically viable,environmentally sound,technically workable,and socially compatible,some new poplar crop interplanting pattern were designed and established using the principle of edge effects in 1992.Six spacings were d esigned in the experiment with narrow wide spacing pattern,i. e.Ⅰ:(3×3)×20m,Ⅱ:(3×3)×30m,Ⅲ:(3×3)×40m,Ⅳ:(4×4)×20m,Ⅴ:(4×4)×30m,and Ⅵ:(4×4)×40m,and the block arrangement was made at random with two replications.Based on the investigations,this paper mainly tests the effects of these new patterns on temporal and spatial variations in microclimate at various phenological phases of winter wheat,variations in wheat yield and wheat quality,biomass productivity and light use efficiency and economic assessment,and the potential viability of these new patterns is also discussed in the paper.These preliminary resultscan provide some basic principles for developing optimized poplar crop interplanting patterns in the plain areas of China.