科尔沁沙地南缘樟子松人工林主要外生菌根真菌的最适培养条件

在实验室条件下模拟环境因子进行沙地樟子松林下常见3种外生菌根真菌的纯培养试验,探讨培养基、pH值、水分和温度对外生菌根真菌生长的影响,以期得到3种外生菌根真菌的最适生长条件.结果表明:外生菌根真菌在含有松针汁、马铃薯汁、酵母粉和维生素的培养基里生长较好;pH值对外生菌根真菌的生长影响较小,L.deliciosus 和B.sp.的最适生长pH分别为6.0和5.0,L.sp.在较广的pH范围内均可生长得良好,且在中性和弱碱性的培养基中长势均好于另外两种;水分对实验菌株的影响较大,在较低的PEG浓度(100 g PEG·kg-1 H2O)下,三种菌株生长良好,最适得生长PEG浓度为10%;高温容易导致外生菌根真菌死亡,3种外生菌根真菌的最适生长温度范围是25-28℃.

Optimum conditions for pure culture of major ectomycorrhizal fungi obtained from Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations in southeastern Keerqin sandy lands,China

The effects of medium, pH, water potential and temperature on the culture for three pure strains (Lactarius deliciosus, Boletus edulis and Lactarius insulsus) of ectomycorrhizal fungi from plantation forests of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) on sandy lands were observed to obtain the optimum conditions for the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The results indicated that the three ectomycorrhizal fungi could grow well in the mediums containing natural components, such as vitamin, pine juice and yeast powder. pH had a slight effect on the growth of the three ectomycorrhizal fungi, and the optimum pH values were 6.0 for L. deliciosus, 5.0 for B. edulis, respectively. However, L. insulsus had a wide pH range, and it grew better than the other two strains in neutral and light alkalescent mediums. Water potential (produced by Polyethylene Glycol, PEG) had significant effects on the ecological adaptability for the tested three fungi strains. All of the three stains grow better at lower PEG concentration (100 g PEG·kg⁻¹ H₂O). The best water potential was 10% PEG concentration for all of the three stains. Temperatures, especially high temperatures induced the fungi death. The optimum temperature for the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi was 25–28°C for all of the three stains. Foundation project: The research was supported by Major Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy Sciences (KZCX1-YW-08-02) and the 100-Young-Researcher-Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences.