全程深施肥对水稻氮素利用率和产量的影响

试验设全程深施肥、全层施肥、表层施肥及无肥区4个处理,对不同处理土壤耕层中氮的存在部位及其速效氮含量、氮素利用率、产量及其产量构成因素进行分析比较。结果表明,全程深施肥方法能将肥料施到预期的部位,达到水稻前期平稳生长、后期优势生长的目的。不同处理间的氮素利用率差异达极显著(P<0.01),其中,全程深施肥最高达60.63%;全层施肥居中达44.078%;表层施肥最低为38.28%。不同处理间的产量差异均达极显著(P<0.01),呈如下趋势:全程深施肥>全层施>表施>无肥区。

Effect of deep-layer application of fertilizer at the whole growing period on utilization efficiency of N and yield of rice

Proceeding mainly from existing position and corresponding content of N-fertilizer in the cultivated soil, analysis and comparison of utilization efficiency of N, and yield and its components under different treatments, the effect of 4 different fertilizer application methods(DAF - Deep-layer application of fertilizer, TAF - Total-layer application of fertilizer, SAF - Surface-layer application of fertilizer and CK) on utilization efficiency of N and yield of rice in cold field were studied with material Dongnong 423. The results were showed as follows: deep-layer fertilization was feasible at the whole growing period, and it enabled the N-fertilizer applied to reach the expected position, contributing to the growth of rice at the primary stage smoothly and the growth of rice at the late stage predominately. Utilization efficiency of N all reached a significant level between different treatments (P <0.01). Among these treatments, the utilization efficiency of N of DAF was the highest, amounting to 60.63%, and TAF′s was second, reaching 44.078%, while SAF′s was the lowest, reaching 38.2%. Yield of different treatments all reached a significant level (P <0.01),and also tendency of yield under different treatments were as follows: DAF >TAF >SAF >CK.