Multivariate Analysis of the Agricultural Management Presence of Sorghum Halepense (L.) Pers. Relationships in Maize Crops

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. is one of the most troublesome weeds in warm climates. Its control is difficult, and understanding the factors affecting its spreading is crucial. A study was conducted in 47 commercial maize fields, which account for more than 400 ha in the Spanish provinces of Albacete, Badajoz and Madrid, to analyse the distribution of S. halepense as a function of various agricultural variables. The results showed significant effects of agricultural management on the presence of this weed. Crop rotation decreased the infestation of S. halepense. Furrow irrigation system favored the establishment of large patches with high plant density, while the sprinkler irrigation system favored the presence of isolated plants or small patches. Apparently, moldboard tillage promoted the establishment of large patches. The combination of different variables also had effects on the characteristics of the present infestations, and its management could lead to a better control in maize fields.