农业保险面源污染治理效应的理论逻辑与实证检验

我国30个省份2007—2019年面板数据的固定效应和中介效应实证检验表明：农业保险是影响化肥施用的重要因素;农业保险对化肥减量施用具有显著的总效应和总间接效应,且农业保险对化肥减施主要发挥间接作用;农业保险对化肥减施存在显著的规模效应和结构效应,说明农业保险不仅可以引导规模经营、调整种植结构,而且可以通过中介效应来减少化肥施用,而收入效应表现为减量但不显著。建议在坚持"保主粮"为主、兼具"保特色"的承保方针基础上,通过加强对规模经营主体的保费补贴力度、提高保障水平、转变财政支农方式等措施加强农业保险推动农业面源污染治理。

The Theoretical Logic and Empirical Test of the Effect of Agricultural Insurance on Non-point Source Pollution Control

The paper analyzes the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019 by using fixed effects model and mediating effect model. The results show that the agricultural insurance is an important factor affecting the application of chemical fertilizer. Agricultural insurance has a significant total effect and total indirect effect on fertilizer reduction application, and agricultural insurance mainly plays an indirect role. Agricultural insurance has significant scale effect and structure effect on chemical fertilizer reduction, indicating that it cannot only guide scale operation and adjust planting structure, but also reduce the application of chemical fertilizer through intermediary effect, while the income effect is not significant. On this basis, the paper suggests that we should adhere to the underwriting policy of "main grain insurance" with "characteristics insurance", and take measures such as strengthening premiums subsidies for large-scale operators, raising the level of insurance coverage, changing the way of fiscal support for agriculture, so as to improve the effect of agricultural insurance on the control of agricultural non-point source pollution.