猪精液常温保存抗氧化剂研究进展

猪的人工授精技术被广泛用于我国生猪养殖业。用于人工授精的公猪精液质量直接关系到人工授精后母猪的受胎率和产仔数。猪精子质膜中胆固醇/磷脂比值低致使其对冷应激十分敏感,这决定了常温保存(16~18℃)成为目前最常用的猪精液保存方法。猪精液常温保存过程会累积活性氧自由基,而猪精子质膜中多不饱和脂肪酸比例高,使精子极易受到氧化应激伤害。稀释液中添加抗氧化剂有助于维持精子质量的各项指标。抗氧化剂主要包括超氧化物歧化酶等酶类抗氧化剂和还原型谷胱甘肽等非酶类抗氧化剂。本文综述了猪精子的生物学特征和常温保存过程中猪精液累积活性氧的原因,并总结了猪精液常温保存中抗氧化剂的研究进展,旨在为猪精液的保存及人工授精提供参考。

Research Progress on Antioxidant of Boar Sperm in Process of Liquid Preservation

Artificial insemination has been widely used in pig breeding in China and the quality of boar semen is very important that directly related to the conception rate and litter size in sows. Moreover, boar sperm are sensitive to fast cooling due to the high ratio of cholesterol/phospholipid, thus preservation of liquid boar sperm at 16～18 ℃ has become a common practice. During liquid preservation, reactive oxygen species accumulate and cause oxidative damages in sperm due to the high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in sperm plasma membrane. The addition of antioxidants in diluted extender could help maintain sperm parameters. At present, there are two types of antioxidants, namely enzyme antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase and non-enzyme antioxidants such as reduced glutathione. This paper summarized the biological characteristics of boar sperm's susceptible to oxidative stress and the reason of accumulation of reactive oxygen species in boar sperm during liquid preservation. Focused on providing new strategy in preservation of boar semen and artificial insemination, we also summarized antioxidants used in boar semen during liquid preservation.