油菜毯状苗适宜移栽密度研究

为探讨油菜毯状苗移栽的适宜密度,采用田间试验,以甘蓝型油菜品种宁杂1818为材料,研究了毯状苗不同移栽密度对油菜籽粒产量、品质及单株干物质积累的影响。结果表明,油菜产量与密度间呈二次抛物线关系,随密度增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势。移栽密度为22.5万株/hm^2时,一穴一株处理(CK)产量最高,为3806.81 kg/hm^2,一穴两株处理(M4)产量略低于CK,二者差异不显著,但M4处理显著高于其它处理。随密度增加,单株角果数和每角粒数减少,而群体角果数增多。单株产量与成熟期和蕾臺-初花期的干物质积累量间呈现极显著正相关关系。随密度增加,油菜籽粒含油量小幅度增大,蛋白质、硫苷和芥酸含量降低。以最高产量下降1%以内为标准得出适宜的移栽密度范围为22.75万~28.39万株/hm^2,而且生产上油菜毯状苗移栽时可灵活采用一穴两株或一穴一株,简化、高产、高效。

Optimum transplanting density of rapeseed blanket seedlings

To explore a suitable transplanting density of transplanting rapeseed from blanket seedlings, effects of transplanting density on yield, quality and dry matter accumulation of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) were studied in field. Cultivar Ningza 1818 was the material. Results showed that relationship between rapeseed yield and transplanting density could be described with a quadratic parabola. With increasing density, rapeseed yield and dry matter accumulation after anthesis increased first and then decreased. With transplanting density of 225 000/hm^2 plants, the yield of one-plants-a-hole(CK) was the highest among all treatments, which was 3806.81 kg/hm^2. Yield of two-plants-a-hole(M4) was lower than CK with no significant difference. But yield of M4 was significantly higher than those of the others. With increasing density, pod number per plant and seed number per pod decreased and pods population was the opposite. Significant positive correlation was found between yield per plant and dry matter accumulation at mature stage and the stage of bud to initial flower. With increasing density, seed oil content increased slightly, glucosinolate and erucic acid contents decreased. According to the standard of maximum yield decreasing within 1%, the suitable transplanting density range was 227 500 to 283 900 plants per hectare. When transplanting, two-plants-a-hole or one-plant-a-hole could be used more flexible, more simple with higher yield and efficiency.