扁桃花粉的发生及发育

以扁桃品种双果为试材,对扁桃小孢子和雄配子体形成的全过程进行了解剖学观察,结果表明:扁桃雄性孢原细胞在9月底分化完成,越冬前形成小孢子母细胞,11月下旬开始进行减数分裂,在越冬期减数分裂过程仍在继续,孢质分裂类型为同时型,成熟花粉粒为2-细胞型;绒毡层为腺质绒毡层类型;部分花药中产生巨型花粉粒,生长势弱的树体形成较多巨型花粉粒。又以新疆喀什地区4个扁桃主栽品种为试材,进行了花粉的数量、败育率和萌发率的测定,结果表明:双果的花粉量最大,纸皮的花粉败育率最低、萌发率最高,麻壳花粉量最少而败育率最高。

Development of Almond Pollen

Shuangguo(A mygdalus communis L.) was used as material for studying the development process of microspore and microgametophyte by anatomy method. The results are as follow: The male archesporium differentiation finished at the end of September. The microspore mother cell formed before the winter and its meiosis started from the last decade of November. The process of meiosis kept going during winter. The cytokinesis was of simultaneous type and mature pollen grains were 2-celled. The tapetum was of glandular. Some anthers produced giant pollen grains and in weak trees produced more giant pollen grains. Pollen quantity and pollen abortion percentage, pollen germinating percentage of 4 almond cultivars in Karshi Prefecture were investigated and the results showed that: Shuangguo had the most pollen grains of all. The pollen grains from Zhipi had the lowest abortion percentage and the highest germinating percentage. And pollen grains from Make had the least quantity and the worst quality.