我国城乡居民食物消费模式变化对虚拟水消费的影响

为了研究不同的食物消费模式对虚拟水消费的影响,对全国1990—2014年城镇居民和农村居民的食物虚拟水消费量进行了计算分析,结果显示:全国城镇居民和农村居民人均虚拟水消费量都呈现出缓慢增长的趋势,城镇居民人均虚拟水消费量增长速度快于农村,是农村居民的1.12倍左右;城镇居民的虚拟水消费多样性指数高于农村居民;收入水平是引起城乡差异的主要因素之一。未来随着食物消费量的不断增加,食物虚拟水消费量也将持续增长,势必对水资源造成更大的压力,这就需要倡导城乡居民均衡膳食和健康的消费习惯,改善食物消费模式,提高水资源的利用效率。

The Influence of Food Consumption Pattern Changes of Urban and Rural Residents on Virtual Water Consumption in China

In order to analysis the effect of different food consumption patterns on virtual water consumption, the virtual water consumption of ur-ban residents and rural residents for food in China was calculated from 1990 to 2014.The results showed that, the food virtual water consumption per capita present a slow growth trend, the food virtual water consumption per capita in urban grows 1.12 times faster than that of rural area;The diversity index of food virtual water consumption in urban is higher than rural area, mainly because of income differences between urban and rural area.With economic growth, the food consumption will increase, especially the animal food, the food virtual water consumption will continue to increase in future, which will inevitably cause more pressure to the water resources.To alleviate these problem, we should improve the food con-sumption pattern and promote healthy eating habits to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources.