有机无机肥料对小麦的肥效及其交互作用

在京郊大同肥力水平土壤上,有机肥和化肥配合施用小麦增产量最高,其增量在中、高肥力试验点上大于低肥力试验点.有机肥和化肥配合施用时的增产作用是它们各自增产效应之和,它们之间的交互效应不显著.在高肥力土壤上甚至有负的交互效应,即配台施用时的增产量小于分施时各自增产量之和.根据肥料试验,本文提出了京郊不同肥力水平土壤上小麦有机无机肥料配合施用量,并发现在低肥力土壤上随着有机肥的施用,化肥氮的用量增加,化肥磷用量可减少;在高肥力土壤上随有机肥的施用,化肥氮用量减少,化肥磷用量增加;在中等肥力土壤上配合有机肥的施用,氮磷化肥用量均个应减少,应略为增加.

Effect of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Wheat and Their Interaction

Combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers to soils at different fertility levels in the suburbs of Beijing resulted in the highest yield for wheat. Then the yield at the medium-and high-fertility test fields was higher than that at low-fertility test fields. The effect of increasing yield resulting from the combined application of the both types of fertilizers was equal to the sum of separate effects of the organic and mineral fertilizers in increase of yield, and no significant interaction was found between the two types of fertilizers, but in soils at higher fertility levels negative interaction was observed. On the basis of the fertilizer experiments, combined application rates of organic and mineral fcrlilizcrs for wheat which was grown in soil at dilTcrcnt fertility levels in the suburbs of Beijing were proposed. Tt was found that N application rale increased and P application rale decreased in the soil with low fertility to which the organic manures were applied, that N application rale decreased and P application rate increased as organic manures were applied to high-fertility soils; and that NP application rates would increase to the medium-fertility soils, if the organic manures were applied lo it combined with them.