元谋干热河谷植被恢复中水平阶整地对土壤蒸发的影响

对元谋干热河谷植被恢复中水平阶改造后的水平阶面和阶间草坡与自然草坡土壤蒸发的研究结果表明:(1)整地初期,水平阶面、阶间草坡和自然草坡土壤蒸发季节变化和日变化规律一致,但同时段内三者的土壤蒸发量存在差异,表现为水平阶面>自然草坡>阶间草坡。(2)不同地类的土壤蒸发量为桉树林坡面>自然草坡>阶间草坡。(3)水平阶面、阶间草坡和自然坡面的土壤蒸发量均随土壤含水率的增大而增大,随土壤含水率的减小而减小。(4)不同坡位间的土壤蒸发没有显著差异。(5)干热河谷典型的干热气候致使自由水面蒸发量是饱和土壤蒸发量3.35倍。

Effects of Level-terrace Site Preparation on Soil Evaporation in Recovering in Yuanmou Dry-hot River Valley

The soil evaporation of the level-terrace and the grass slope between level-terrace after level-terrace site preparation in recovering and that of the nature grass slope were studied in Yuanmou dry-hot valley.The results of studying showed that:(1)At very begining of level-terrace site preparation,the level-terrace,the grass slope between level-terrace and the nature grass slope have the same seasonal and diurnal variation,but within the same period,their respective soil evaporation are different,they follow the order of the level-terrace>the nature grass slope >the grass slope between level-terrace.(2) The amount of the soil evaporation in Eucalyptus wood slope was the highest,followed by the nature grass slope,while it was the lowest in nature slope.(3)The soil evaporation increased with the increasing of soil moisture in the level-terrace,the grass slope between level-terrace and the nature grass slope,vice versa.(4)The soil evaporation between different section of slope has no significant difference.(5)The amount of the water surface evaporation was approximately 3.35 times that of the saturated soil evaporation.