氮磷钾肥对稻米铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响

 采用田间试验，在四川省西昌市用两个水稻品种研究了氮、磷、钾肥施用量对稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响。结果表明，稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量均随着施氮量增加先上升后下降，滇屯502的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量都以施用90 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高；而合系39的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙的含量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用270 kg/hm2 N最高，说明供试籼型品种滇屯502对氮肥的敏感性较粳型品种合系39强；磷肥明显降低了稻米中铁、铜、锰、钙的含量和产量，适量增施磷肥有利于增加稻米中镁的含量和产量；适量施用钾肥有利于提高稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰含量和产量，两供试品种铁、锌、铜、锰含量均以90 kg/hm2 K2O时最高，而钾肥明显降低了稻米中镁、钙的含量和产量。

Effect of N, P, K Fertilizers on Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and Mg Contents and Yields in Rice

In a field experiment, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and Mg contents and yield of rice under different N, P and K fertilizers application levels were studied with two varieties in Xichang City, Sichuan Province. Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and Mg contents in rice increased first and then decreased with the increasing application rate of N fertilizer. For Diantun 502, contents and yields of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and Mg in rice reached the highest level at 90 kg/hm^2 N and the rice grain yield at 180 kg/ hm^2 N. However, for Hexi 39, contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and Mg in rice reached the highest level at 180 kg/hm^2 N and grain yield at 270 kg/hm^2 N, which suggested that indica rice Diantun 502 was more sensitive to N fertilizer than japonica rice Hexi 39. The supply of P fertilizer reduced the contents and yields of Fe, Cu, Mn and Ca in rice, but adequate rate of P fertilizer was of benefit in increasing content and yield of Mg. Properly supply of K fertilizer could increase the contents and yields of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in rice. For the two rice varieties, the contents of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in rice attained the highest level at 90 kg/hm^2 K2O, but supply of K fertilizer significantly decreased the contents and the yields of Mg and Ca in rice.