四川小麦新品种(系)种子贮藏蛋白变异分析

采用A-PAGE和SDS-PAGE方法,对四川省49份小麦新品种(系)的醇溶蛋白和高分子量谷蛋白亚基进行了分析。结果表明,供试品种(系)在醇溶蛋白位点上存在广泛的变异,49个品种(系)具有48种醇溶蛋白带型,共分离出38条相对迁移率不同的谱带,其中35条具有多态性,占92.1%,每个品种(系)可分离出11～23条带。15个品种(系)具有1BL/1RS易位系标记位点Glid1B3,占供试品种(系)的30.6%。在Glu-1位点上,供试材料具有较高的遗传变异,共检测到11种不同的高分子量谷蛋白亚基和18种亚基组合类型,品质得分在5～10分之间,平均6.9分。49个品种(系)中,21个具有5+10优质亚基,3个具有2亚基。新品种(系)中5+10亚基比率较高,反映了四川省强筋小麦育种已取得一定成效,但是从整体来看,优质亚基和优质亚基组合的频率仍然偏低,因此在四川小麦品质育种中应进一步加强优质谷蛋白亲本材料的引进和利用。

Variations of Storage Protein among New Wheat Lines in Sichuan

The gliadin and HMW-glutenin subunits of 49 Sichuan wheat lines were analyzed by A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE methods. It is found that there is high genetic diversity on gliadin in Sichuan wheat and 48 gliadin patterns are detected. A total of 38 different gliadin bands is observed, among which 35 bands (92.1%) are polymorphic. Eleven to 23 bands can be respectively separated from these lines. Fifteen of 49 lines (30.6%) have the allele Glid1B3. The high level of genetic variation at Glu-1 locus is observed. Eleven subunit patterns are detected, resulting in 18 subunit combinations. Twenty-one lines carry 5 10 subunits and 3 had 2~* subunit. The frequency of 5 10 subunit in these new lines is much higher than that of previous Sichuan wheat lines. However, it is still necessary to introduce 5 10 Subunit into more Sichuan wheat lines in the wheat improvement.