分布式水文模型在流域水资源开发

简要阐述了我国水资源开发利用和管理研究的基本状况。指出,目前的水资源管理是基于一定水文规律的现状水资源的调控与开发利用。认为在自然和人类活动的双重作用下,水文循环规律发生了变化,具有物理基础的分布式水文模型将为研究宏观尺度上变化环境下水文循环规律和开发利用流域水资源提供科学有力的工具。回顾了国内外分布式水文模型的研发现状,认为目前我国分布式水文模型的研究开发还不能适应水资源开发利用和管理的现状,开发具有物理基础的分布式水文模型将为我国水资源开发利用和管理提供技术支撑和保障。文章最后给出了分布式水文模型建立过程中模型结构、尺度及模型参数的确定过程中存在的问题及处理方法。

Advance in Application of Distributed Hydrology Model in Watershed Water Resources Development

The basic conditions of water resources development and management in China are reviewed,and it is pointed out that the present water resources management is based on the regulation and exploitation of water resources under current situations.The rules of hydrological cycle will change with the impacts of natural variations and human activities,so it is necessary to develop distributed hydrological model with physical basis to provide scientific tools for the research on the hydrological cycle and watershed water resources development in macro scale.Advances in distributed hydrology model are reviewed,and it is found that physically-based hydrological model development is still at beginning stage and its application in water resource management is also immature.The problems and countermeasures for the development and application of physically based hydrological model,such as the structure,scale and parameter of the model,are also discussed in this paper.