北方农牧交错带不同农作制度对土壤风蚀因子的影响

不合理的农作制度是引发北方农牧交错带土壤风蚀的重要原因。以内蒙古武川旱农试验区为基地,研究了撂荒制、压青休闲制、粗放轮作制、保护性耕作制4种农作制度对风速、土壤紧实度、地表粗糙度、地表覆盖度、土壤有机质含量、表层土壤含水率、土壤风蚀量等因子的影响。结果表明,保护性耕作能够显著降低土壤风蚀,有效防止土地荒漠化。当前,北方农牧交错带应重点推广保护性耕作制,促进农业生产的可持续发展。

Influence of Different Farming Systems on Affecting Factors of Soil Wind Erosion in the Ecotone Between Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North China

Farming system is an important way to affect the ecological environment in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry of north China,and the irrational farming system has made the local environment deteriorated.Characteristics of soil physical properties change,including wind speed,soil tightness,soil organic matter,soil moisture,soil roughness,the ratio of vegetation coverage,and so on,were studied under different farming systems,including abandoning cropping system,fallow cropping system,rotational cropping system,and conservation cropping system with Wuchan county as case study.The result showed that different farming system had obvious influence on wind speed,soil tightness,soil organic matter,soil moisture,soil roughness,the ratio of vegetation coverage and the mass of wind erosion,and the conservation cropping system could decrease soil erosion obviously and prevent land desertification effectively.The conservation cropping system should be extended in order to promote the sustainable development of agricultural production in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry.