诗歌的意境

意境说诗歌理论形成和发展过程 :王昌龄“三境”说开“意境说”理论之先河 ;皎然的贡献在于将“三境”统一为一体 ,推进了“意境说”理论的发展 ;司空图“四外”说全面深刻地表述“意境”之内涵 ,对“意境说”的发展和成熟作出了最大的贡献 ;严羽“以禅喻诗”选取了一个独特视角 ,开辟了“意境说”的新境界 ;王夫之“情景结合”学说 ,王士祯“神韵说”、王国维“境界说”使“意境说”臻于完善 ,标志着“意境说”诗歌理论的最终完成。“意境说”的形成受到佛老思想的浸染和影响 ,禅宗与“意境说”的形成和发展有着千丝万缕的联系。“意境”有两种境界 :其一是情景交融 ;其二是“境外之境”。

Artistic Conception of Poems

The formation and development of the theory of artistic conception for poems are as follows.Forerunner of this theory is poet Wang Changling who first put forward the "Three expression" of poets.Jiao Ran integrated the "Three expression" into one body,thus pushing forward with the theory for the development of poets.Sikong Tu expressed the connotation of "artistic conception" thoroughly and deeply by his "Four expression",and greatly contributed to the devepopment and maturity of the theory of artistic conception.Yan Yu selected a special angle of view by writing poems with Buddhist ideas,therefore creating a new realm for the theory of artistic coneeption.The various theories for poems created by Wang Shizhen,Wang Fuzhi and Wang Guowei respectively made the theory of artistic conception perfect day and day,marked its final completion.There are two kinds of artistic conceptions for poems such as blending as well as feeling and scenery,and the "four expression".