测土平衡施肥对玉米产量与品质及效益的影响

研究测土平衡施肥对玉米产量、品质及效益的影响。结果表明:测土平衡施肥可促进玉米的营养生长,增加有效穗数、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、千粒重,提高玉米籽粒蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉含量,降低可溶性糖含量,改善玉米的品质。试验条件下,测土平衡施肥玉米单产达9 071.9 kg/hm2,比常规施肥单产(7 385.2 kg/hm2)增产1 686.7 kg/hm2,增长22.8%;平衡施肥净增效益27 840.66元/hm2,比常规施肥净增效益(21 888.68元/hm2)增加5 951.98元/hm2,增长27.2%;大田示范也获得相似的效果,重现性较好,增产增收显著。

Effects of Testing Soil Balance Fertilization on Yield, Quality and Benefit of Corn

There was significant effect oi testing soil balance iertilization on yield,quality and beneiit of corn. It displayed mainly to improve nutritional growth of corn,to increase effective panicle, panicle length, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row and 1 000-grain weight,to improve the content of grain protein ,fat and starch in corn,to decrease soluble sugar content and to improve quality of corn. Under experiment condition ,the unit yield of testing soil balance fertilization （9 071.9 kilograms per hectare）increased by 1 686.7 kilograms and 22.8 percent compared with the conventional fertilizer application （7 385.2 kilograms per hectare ）.The net-increased benefit of testing soil balance fertilization （27 840.66 yuan per hectare ） increased by 5 951.98 yuan per hectare and 27.2 percent compared with the conventional fertilizer application （21 888.68 yuan per hectare ）. It also get analogous effect in the field demonstration. Moreover ,this method had good reproducibility and remarkable increasing yield and revenue.