灰木莲花期物侯观测及生殖构件分布

[目的]为了解灰木莲引种到广西凭祥地区花期物侯及生殖构件分布状况,为其在引种地败育机制的研究奠定基础。[方法]选择中国林科院热林中心树木园、白云实验场、伏波实验场的灰木莲人工林为观测对象,参考Dafni方法,从林分到单株水平调查研究灰木莲在广西凭祥地区的花期物候、开花特征及生殖构件分布,跟踪观察单花开花动态进程,统计花部组件大小、数量及位置等特征。[结果]表明:灰木莲花为子房上位的两性花,雄蕊群着生于雌蕊群下部,雄蕊短小,其高度仅达到雌蕊群下缘;灰木莲花芽到开花过程可分为混合芽阶段、花芽阶段、花蕾露白阶段、白蕾阶段、展花阶段、花瓣脱落阶段6个阶段,花被片展开存在二次开合现象;在适生区,灰木莲开花特征稳定,开花强度中等,不同海拔高度灰木莲林分的花期物侯存在差异,林分的生殖构件在林内、林缘分布差异显著,且生殖构件的败育率极高。[结论]灰木莲引种到广西凭祥地区花期物侯稳定,开花同步性较高,但是花果转化率极低。

Flowering Phenology and Reproductive Modules Distribution of Manglietia glanca Blume

[Objective] The flowering phenology and reproductive modules distribution of Manglietia glanca Blume was studied to provide a basis for the research of its abortion mechanism in introduction area. [Method] The M. glanca stands in Arboretum, Baiyun Experimental Farm and Fubo Experimental Farm of the Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry in Pingxiang were chosen as observation object. Taking Dafni''s method as reference, the flowering phenology, flowering characteristics and reproductive modules distribution of M. glanca were investigated at both stand and individual plant level, the flowering dynamic was observed, and the size, quantity and location of floral components were calculated. [Result] The results showed that the flower was bisexual flower. The androecium bore in the bottom of the gynoecium, its height reached only the lower edge of the gynoecium. The flowering process could be divided into six stages, i.e. mixed bud, flower bud, white alabastrum appearing, white alabastrum, blooming and falling. Twice opening/closure flowering was observed during the blossoming process. In suitable region, the flowering characteristics of M. glanca were relatively stable, with moderate intensity blossoming. The effect of altitude on flowering phenology was obvious. The distribution of reproductive modules was also significantly different between forest edge and interior, the fruit setting rate was low. [Conclusion] According to the result of observation, the flowering phase of M. glanca is tranquil, flowering synchronization index is higher, but conversion rate of blossom into bear fruit is extremely low in Pingxiang, Guangxi.