磷肥用量和石灰对甜玉米产量和磷素吸收利用的影响

采用田间肥料定位试验研究了磷肥用量与石灰配合施用对甜玉米产量、生物量、磷素累积及磷肥利用效率的影响,旨在为甜玉米高产及磷素高效利用途径提供理论依据。试验采用裂区设计,主区为磷肥用量,设置P₀(0 kg/hm²)、P₆₀(60 kg/hm²)、P₁₂₀(120 kg/hm²)、P₁₈₀(180 kg/hm²)4个磷肥水平;副区为石灰处理,设置L₀(0 kg/hm²)和L₁(750 kg/hm²)2个石灰水平,研究甜玉米鲜食期产量、磷素累积、土壤速效磷及磷肥利用效率对磷肥用量和石灰施用的响应。结果表明,L₀处理下,与P₀处理相比,P₁₂₀和P₁₈₀处理甜玉米鲜穗产量均显著提高,分别增产19.4%和18.5%,P₀与P

Effects of Phosphorus and Lime Application on Sweet Corn Yield and Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization

The effects of phosphorus (P) and lime application on yield and biomass and P uptake and utilization of sweet corn were evaluated with a field experiment. Research on the appropriate rate of P application would provide a theoretical basis in improving sweet corn yield and P use efficiency. The field experiment was a split-plot design with main-plot randomly assigned into each of four blocks. The main-plot treatments were four P application rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/hm², expressed as P₀, P₆₀, P₁₂₀ and P₁₈₀). The split-plot factors were two lime levels (0 and 750 kg/hm², expressed as L₀ and L₁). The responses of sweet corn yield, P uptake, soil available P and P fertilizer utilization efficiency to P fertilizer application and lime application were studied. The yield of sweet corn increased significantly under P₁₂₀ and P₁₈₀ treatments without lime by 19.4% and 18.5%, respectively, compared with P₀ treatment. Compared to P₀, the yield of sweet corn increased significantly by 14.0% under P₆₀ treatment with lime. Under P₆₀ treatment, lime increased the yield of sweet corn significantly by 12.7%. P fertilizer application increased both total biomass and P uptake of sweet corn significantly. After two sweet corn growing seasons, soil available P under P₆₀ treatment had no significant difference comparing with the original value. Soil available P basically maintained a balance under P₆₀ treatment. Soil available P in P₁₂₀ and P₁₈₀ treatments increased by 103.8% and 228.4%, respectively, compared with the original value, and soil available P increased obviously in 0-20 cm soil layer. The fresh ear yield per P uptake and P physiological efficiency decreased significantly with P application rates. Also, the P use efficiency of sweet corn declined with P application rates. P agronomic efficiency, recovery efficiency, and partial factor productivity increased significantly under lime treatments with P₆₀ treatment, compared with no-lime treatments. Together, these results indicated that the application of 60 kg/hm² P fertilizer combined with lime can be an efficient way to obtain high yield and P utilization efficiency of sweet corn and maintain the balance of soil available P.