有机氯类禁限用农药抗体的制备和应用研究进展

农药在防治病虫害、提高农产品产量和质量方面效果显著，但一些农药因高毒、致癌、致畸、致突变、代谢缓慢，对人类和环境产生不利影响而被我国禁止或限制使用。有机氯类禁限用农药作为其中产量最多、用量最大的一类，存在较高的健康或环境风险而备受关注。建立高效便捷的有机氯类禁限用农药残留的检测方法，对确保食品安全、助力绿色生态农业发展、打破食品进出口技术贸易壁垒具有重要意义。免疫分析法以其快速、简便、灵敏等优势被广泛应用于食品中农药残留的检测。本文综述了有机氯类禁限用农药免疫检测方法的研究进展，介绍了半抗原的合成和抗体的制备，总结了抗体在免疫检测中的应用，主要包括酶联免疫分析法、免疫层析试纸条法、化学发光法、荧光免疫分析法和免疫传感器，可对未来有机氯类禁限用农药免疫分析法的进一步研究开发提供参考。

Research progress in preparation and application of antibodies against the banned and restricted organochlorine pesticides

Pesticides have a significant effect in controlling pests and diseases and improving the output and quality of agricultural products. However, some pesticides have been banned or restricted in China due to their high toxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and slow metabolism, which may cause the adverse effects on human beings and the environment. Organochlorine pesticides are the largest in production and consumption of the banned and restricted pesticides, which have been raised concerns for their potentially high health or environmental risks. The establishment of efficient and convenient detection methods for the banned and restricted pesticides of organochlorine residues is of great significance to ensure food safety, promote the development of green ecological agriculture, and break the technical trade barriers in food imports and exports. Immunoassay has been widely used in the detection of pesticide residues in food for its advantages of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity. In this paper, the research progress of immunoassay methods for the banned and restricted organochlorine pesticides is reviewed, the synthesis of haptens and the preparation of antibodies are introduced, and the application of the antibodies in immunoassay (mainly including enzyme-linked immunoassay, immunochromatographic test strip, chemiluminescence immunoassay, fluorescence immunoassay and immunosensor) is summarized. It provides a reference for research on immunoassay for the banned and restricted organochlorine pesticides in the future.