海洋生境棘孢木霉菌TCS007对植物的促生长及诱导抗逆作用

为研究海洋生境棘孢木霉菌Trichoderma asperellum TCS007对植物的促生长及诱导抗逆作用，以黄瓜和水稻为试材，评价菌株TCS007对植物种子萌发、幼苗和根系生长等生长量及其对叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白含量的影响，并在低温和高盐胁迫条件下，研究其对植株生长相关生理指标影响。结果表明:1 × 106 CFU/mL的TCS007孢子悬浮液可以显著促进黄瓜种子萌发，且处理后黄瓜幼苗的株鲜重、叶面积、根鲜重及根系活力分别提升13.53%、17.97%、66.67%和27.30%，总叶绿素、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别增加22.75%、18.24%和8.60%；在5 ℃、10 ℃和15 ℃低温胁迫下，1 × 106 CFU/mL的TCS007孢子悬浮液显著提高了黄瓜叶片中过氧化物酶 (POD) 和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 的活性，降低了丙二醛 (MDA) 含量和相对电导率 (REC)；在0.1 mol/L的氯化钠 (高盐) 胁迫下，不同含量的TCS007孢子悬浮液均可显著缓解氯化钠对水稻幼苗的盐害作用，且随着孢子含量的增高，缓解效果越为明显，其中添加5% 1 × 106 CFU/mL TCS007孢子悬浮液的水稻幼苗POD、SOD和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著增加并能降低其REC。综上，棘孢木霉菌TCS007对植物具有良好的促生长效果和诱导抗逆作用，研究结果可为其开发成为新型生物农药提供理论依据。

Plant growth-promoting and stress tolerance inductive effects of Trichoderma asperellum TCS007 from marine habitat

In this study, Trichoderma asperellum TCS007, isolated from marine habitat, was evaluated for its ability to promote growth and induce stress tolerance in plants. Experiments were conducted to test the effects of TCS007 on seed germination, seedling and root growth, and the content of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and protein in cucumber and rice. In addition, the key physiological indicators of TCS007 treated and untreated cucumber and rice plants were measured under low temperature and high salt stresses. The results showed that 1 × 106 CFU/mL spore suspension of TCS007 significantly promoted cucumber seed germination. Plant fresh weight, leaf area, root fresh weight, and root activity of treated cucumber seedlings increased by 13.53%, 17.97%, 66.67%, and 27.30%, respectively. The contents of total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein increased by 22.75%, 18.24%, and 8.60%, respectively. The activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the relative conductivity (REC) content decreased in cucumber leaves treated with 1 × 106 CFU/mL spore suspension of TCS007 at 5 ℃, 10 ℃, and 15 ℃. Under 0.1 mol/L NaCl (high salt) stress, TCS007 significantly alleviated the salt damage to rice seedlings. The alleviating effect increased as the concentration of TCS007 spore suspension increased. The activities of POD, SOD, and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased, and REC was decreased in rice seedlings treated with 5% 1 × 106 CFU/mL TCS007 spore suspension. Overall, the study suggests T. asperellum TCS007 has positive effects on plant growth and stress tolerances and provides a theoretical basis for its development as a biopesticide.