种植时间对甘肃引黄灌区红花生长发育、品质及产量的影响

为明确红花在甘肃引黄灌区的适宜种植时间，以云红7号、YM18-6和大红袍3个品种为试验材料，设置4个种植时间（3月16日、3月26日、4月6日、4月15日），研究不同种植时间对红花生育期、农艺性状、花丝和籽粒产量及品质的影响。结果表明，随着种植时间的推迟，播种至出苗、出苗至现蕾阶段生育期显著缩短，全生育期也随之缩短；种植时间对红花农艺性状、产量及品质性状的影响均占主导地位，大多数性状随种植时间推迟呈先升后降的趋势，且在4月6日种植达到最高，3月26日达到次高，与其他种植时间差异显著；红花农艺性状与产量、品质存在着一定的相关性。适期种植可实现红花营养生长和生殖生长合理过渡，促使其充分利用光热资源，更加优质高产。甘肃引黄灌区红花适宜播种时间在3月26日至4月6日。

Effects of Sowing Date on the Growth,Quality and Yield of Safflower in Gansu Yellow River Irrigation Area

In order to clarify the suitable sowing date of safflower in Gansu Yellow River Irrigation Area, three safflower cultivars Yunhong 7, YM18-6 and Dahongpao were used as materials, and four sowing dates (March 16th, March 26th, April 6th, April 15th) were set up to study the effects of different sowing dates on the growth period, agronomic traits, filaments and grain yield and quality of safflower. The results showed that, with the delay of sowing date, the stage from sowing to seedling and from seedling to bud stage were significantly shortened, and the whole growth period of safflower was also shortened. The influence of sowing date on the agronomic traits, yield and quality traits of safflower was dominant. Most of the traits increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date, and reached the highest on April 6th and then on March 26th, and there were significant difference with the other two sowing dates. The agronomic characteristics of safflower were correlated with yield and quality. Suitable sowing date could realize reasonable transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and prompted it to make full use of light and heat resources of planting region, so as to achieve higher quality and higher yield. The suitable sowing date of safflower in Gansu Yellow River Irrigation Area is between March 26th and April 6th.